Table of Contents
Why are Washers Used?
- To distribute the pressure of the bolt/nut evenly over the surface, so that the surface isn't damaged
- Lock washers secure fasteners that tend to rotate or lose friction
- Allows for a smooth surface to the screw to slide against as it is installed to make installation easier and more secure
Standard Washer Types
Flat Washer
- A flat washer, used to distribute load
Fender Washer
- An oversize flat washer used to distribute load especially on soft materials.
Slip Lock Washer
- The most common style of washer
- Used to prevent nuts and bolt from backing out
Internal Tooth Lock Washer
- A washer with internal "teeth"
- Used to prevent nuts and bolts from backing out
External Tooth Lock Washer
- A washer with external "teeth"
- Used to prevent nuts and bolts from backing out
- Finishing Washer
- A washer used to obtain a "finished" look. Usually used with oval head screws.
Ogee
- Thick, large diameter, cast iron washers with a curved or sculpted appearance.
- Commonly used in dock or wood construction
Standard Nut Types
Hex nut
- A six-sided nut.
- Most commonly used .
Slotted/Castle Nut
- Slotted nuts are used in conjunction with a cotter/split pin on the drilled bolt to prevent loosening.
Wing Nuts
- One pick nut with two wings-180° apart.
- Used in low torque applications that require frequent adjustments.
Nylon Insert Lock Nut
- A nut with a nylon insert to prevent backing off.
- Also referred to as a "Nylock".
Coupling Nut
- Longer than usual nuts.
- Connects pieces of threaded rods or other male fasteners.
Jam Nut
- A hex nut with a reduced height.
Tee Nut
- A nut designed to be driven into wood to create a threaded hole.
K-Lock or Kep Nut
- A nut with an attached free-spinning external tooth lockwasher.
