Following the previous section, you’ve now got a very nice KiCad project containing all the files that you’d need to create your PCB. Unfortunately, getting the manufacturer to fabricate this board isn’t as easy as giving them these files and waiting 3-5 business days (haha, imagine having it be less than a month from file submission to PCB delivery – not at Waterloo Rocketry!). Fortunately, generating files that the manufacturer can use is fairly easy, and only requires the click of a few buttons. The files that we will be generating are gerbers and drill files. Gerbers are files that provide info on where everything on each layer should be. Every layer will generate one gerber file, each with its own special file extension name. Drill files are similar to gerbers, except they give information on areas that need to be drilled or CNC routed on the PCB.
Plotting Gerbers and Drill Files
To generate your files, you will need to go back into the PCB Editor if you’re not already there. From here, go to the Plot window which is found in File > Plot. In the Plot window, select where you want these gerbers to be outputted to by browsing the Output directory at the top. Usually, generated gerbers go inside a gerbers/
subfolder within your project directory. In the Included Layers list, you’re only going to want to check a few of the layers. Below is a picture of all the layers that should be checked. To generate your gerbers, click Plot on the bottom-right.
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Next, let’s generate the drill files. Click on Generate Drill Files… on the bottom-right of the window. The Generate Drill File window will open. As with the gerbers, select the gerbers subfolder when browsing in Output folder, click on Generate Drill File and you should be set.
Viewing Gerbers
Before we’re good to zip up our gerber files and send it to our PCB fabricator for manufacturing, let’s view the files we have generated to see if everything checks out. You can do this through the last program in the KiCad suite that we will be using in this tutorial the Gerber Viewer.
Return to the KiCad main window and open the Gerber Viewer using its corresponding button. Alternatively, you can use the Ctrl-G hotkey. Once the application opens, you can load up gerbers and drill files for viewing by clicking on the Open Gerber plot file(s) on the current layer button on the top toolbar. When browsing, you can shift- or ctrl-click multiple gerber files to open them all at once. Note that the order in which you load the gerbers changes the order of layers that are shown. Layers that are loaded first will be shown above layers that are loaded later. Toggle the visibility of the layers using the Layers Manager on the right to more easily inspect each of the gerber files. If you also loaded up the drill file, you will notice it as a multitude of letter labellings, known as DCodes, along with the usual colored layer. You can disable the DCodes at any time by clicking on the Show DCode number button on the left toolbar.
Once you’ve inspected all the layers and everything looks good, the gerbers and drill files can be compressed into a zip file and sent to your board fabricator. And that’s pretty much it! You now know the entire process of turning a vague idea of a fancy keychain in your head to something that you can physically hold and play around with.